不可分型流感嗜血杆菌致病机制及耐药

Mechanisms of Non-Typeable Haemophilus influenzae Infection and Drug Resistance

作为全球两大高发疾病—儿童中耳炎和成人慢性阻塞性肺疾病的急性加重的主要病原菌,不可分型流感嗜血杆菌(NTHi)日益受到国内外学者的关注,然而目前,NTHi感染致病的相关机制及耐药并未得到全面地阐释,在一定程度上影响了临床对NTHi感染的有效控制。该文综合分析NTHi引起的主要感染,从以黏附作用为基础的定植策略、生物膜的形成、免疫逃逸和细菌耐药4个方面对NTHi感染致病的相关机制及耐药作一综述,以期为研究NTHi疫苗和特异抗感染药物提供理论依据。

NTHi(non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae),as a major pathogen that causes enormous global morbidity in two clinical diseases—otitis media in children and acute exacerbations with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults,has been increasingly focused by scholars at home and abroad.However,the mechanisms associated with NTHi infection and drug resistance has not been fully expounded so far,which affects the clinical control of NTHi infection to some extent.This article comprehensively analyzes the main infections caused by NTHi,and reviews the mechanisms and drug resistance of NTHi infection from four aspects-colonization strategy based on adhesion,biofilm formation,immune escape,and bacterial resistance,to provide a theoretical basis for the study of effective vaccines and specific anti-infective drugs of NTHi.