2012-2018年北京市丰台区食源性疾病事件时空分析

Time-space analysis of foodborne disease incidents in Fengtai district of Beijing,2012-2018

目的分析2012-2018年北京市丰台区食源性疾病事件时空分布,为防控食源性疾病提供依据。方法利用Excel2010软件建立数据库,SPSS 19.0对数据进行统计分析,ArcGIS 10.0分析展示不同街乡镇发生事件数、不同类别食源性疾病事件的地区分布。结果2012-2018年北京市丰台区共调查食源性疾病事件68起,发病1037人,死亡0人。食源性疾病事件发病高峰集中在9-10月,其中2012年9月的单月事件数最多,达到7起。2012-2018年调查的食源性疾病事件中,有72.06%发生在丰台区,以中部地区的花乡和新村街道2个街乡的事件最多。集体食堂、餐饮服务单位和学校为食源性疾病事件的高发场所,分别占41.18%(28/68)、25.00%(17/68)和16.18%(11/68)。结论北京市丰台区食源性疾病事件防控应以夏秋季为重点防控季节,关注冬春季节的诺如病毒感染;防控重点场所为集体食堂、餐饮服务单位和学校,针对重点人群开展食品安全的健康教育,降低食源性疾病发生率。

Objective To analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of foodborne disease incidents in Fengtai district of Beijing in 2012-2018,and to provide evidence for prevention and control of foodborne diseases.Methods Excel 2010 software was used for establishing the database,and SPSS19.0 software for statistical analysis of the data.ArcGIS 10.0 analysis showed the number of incidents in different streets and towns and the regional distribution of different types of foodborne disease incidents.Results A total of 68 incidents of foodborne diseases in Fengtai district of Beijing in 2012-2018 were surveyed,with 1,037 cases and without death case.The peak incidence of foodborne diseases was concentrated in September-October,with the highest number of single-month incidents in September 2012,reaching 7.Among the foodborne disease incidents investigated in 2012-2018,72.06%occurred in Fengtai district,with the most number of incidents in Huaxiang and Xincun streets of the central region.The high prevalence places for foodborne diseases were collective canteens,catering service units and schools,accounting for 41.18%(28/68),25.00%(17/68)and 16.18%(11/68),respectively.Conclusions As for preventing and controlling foodborne disease incidents in Fengtai district of Beijing,we should focus on the key prevention and control seasons,summer and autumn,and give attention to norovirus infection in winter and spring.The key places for prevention and control are collective canteens,catering service units and schools.It is necessary to conduct health education about food safety for the key populations so as to reduce the incidence of foodborne diseases.