狂犬病流行现状及人用狂犬病疫苗研究进展

Epidemic situation of rabies and research progress on rabies vaccines for human use

狂犬病是严重的世界性公共卫生问题之一,缺乏有效治疗方法,全球每年约有59000人死于狂犬病。大部分发达国家或地区已基本消除了犬介导的人类狂犬病,世界卫生组织认为狂犬病疾病负担在发展中国家存在一定低估。目前为止,狂犬病毒属共包含16种狂犬病相关病毒,不同种之间分布地区存在差异。了解狂犬病流行现状和人类狂犬病预防措施,现代狂犬病疫苗的最新研究进展,有利于更好地制定人类狂犬病综合防控策略,促进人类健康。

Rabies is one of the serious public health problems in the world,lacking effective treatment methods,and approximate 59,000 people die of rabies worldwide every year.Most developed countries or regions have basically eliminated canine-mediated human rabies,but the World Health Organization believes that there exists a certain scale of underestimation in the burden of rabies.So far,the Lyssavirus genus contains a total of 16 rabies-related viruses,and there are differences in distribution areas among different species.Understanding the curent status of rabies epidemic,prevention measures of human rabies,and the latest development of modern rabies vaccines is conducive to better formulating comprehensive prevention and control strategies for human rabies and promoting human health.