论担保物权实现的强制管理制度

Compulsory Administration System of Security Interest Realization

担保物权的实现方式直接影响着担保功能之发挥。我国现有规则体系下,担保物权的实现途径并不顺畅,在担保财产不适宜变价、不能变价或者变价处分出现其他不利情形时,债权实现陷入困境而致担保物权功能发挥于不彰。与传统实现方式着眼于担保财产的交换价值不同,强制管理以支配财产的使用价值为内容,以物权权能的可分离性为理论基础,能够有效破解变价不济的桎梏,但立法对此却付之阙如。为了完善我国担保物权实现规则,宜在《民法典·物权编(草案)》有关担保物权实现的规则中增加强制管理方式,于《民诉法解释》中确立程序法层面的请求权基础,并将具体规则置于《强制执行法》中,以建构较为周延的强制管理制度体系。

The realizing way of security interest has direct influence on the function of security.Under the current rule system of China,it is not smooth to realize the real rights for security.When the collateral is not suitable for selling at current price,can’t be sold or there are other unfavorable situation for selling,the realization of the creditor’s right is in trouble and the function of t security interest cannot be fully displayed.Different from the traditional way of realizing the exchange value of security property,compulsory administration can effectively break the shackle of unsuccessful selling the collateral,since it focus on the use value of the property and the separation of power and function of real right.However,but the legislation pays little for it.In order to improve the rules for realization of security interest and construct a more comprehensive enforcement management system in China,it is advisable to add the compulsory administration mode to the realization rules of Civil Code-Real Right(Draft),establish the basis of claim right at the procedural law level in Interpretation of Civil Procedure Law,and place the specific rules in the Enforcement law.