长江流域水环境监测发展及展望

Evolution review and prospect of water environmental monitoring of Yangtze River basin

回顾了长江流域水环境监测的发展历程。以美国和欧盟为例,分析了水环境监测工作的国际发展趋势。总结了当前形势下长江流域水环境监测现状及问题,提出了相关建议:应加强水环境评价基准和标准体系建设;加强水环境分析方法标准体系建设,制定或修订一批以微量有机污染物及新出现的激素、抗生素类为主的水环境监测急需的分析方法标准;加强微量有机污染物监测技术人员培训;加强水生态监测和评价技术与指标体系的研究,制定相关的技术标准或规范,将水生态监测纳入水环境监测体系统筹考虑;加强水体沉积物的相关标准和评价技术方法研究。

The evolution history of the water environmental monitoring of Yangtze River basin was reviewed and the global progress of water environmental monitoring was analyzed by taking the United States and the European Union as examples. The present situation and problems of water environmental monitoring of Yangtze River basin were summarized,and suggestions were given. The establishment of benchmark and standard system in the field of water environment quality assessment and the standard system of analytical methods should be strengthened;some standards needed for the analytical methods should be formulated or modified for the trace organic pollutants and the emergent hormone and antibiotics. The staff training of trace organic pollutants monitoring should be improved. The research for the indicator system of water ecology monitoring and assessment technology should be conducted to make related technical standards or specifications. The water ecology monitoring should be regarded in the frame of water environmental monitoring. In addition,the standard and assessment methods of monitoring the sediment in the water body should be studied.