学龄前儿童不同簇集特征体力活动与体质健康的剂量-效应关系研究

Dose-response Relationship between Bouts of Physical Activity and Physical Health in Preschool Children

目的:检验学龄前儿童不同簇集特征体力活动与体质健康是否存在剂量-效应关系。方法:不同簇集特征体力活动通过连续7天佩戴加速度传感器进行测量。根据持续时间不同,分为零星中高强度体力活动(MVPA)(2~4 s)、短时持续MVPA(5~9 s)和长时持续MVPA(≥10 s)3类。体质测试包括心肺耐力、肌肉力量和速度灵敏素质。将男、女童不同簇集特征体力活动和体质健康综合得分分别按四分位数进行分类(Q1~Q4组),并定义体质健康得分最高的Q4组为高体质健康水平(HPH)。采用逻辑回归和线性回归探讨不同簇集特征MVPA与HPH间的关系。结果:共265名受试者纳入最后统计分析(男童149名,女童116名;月龄,57.19±5.33月)。男童中,校正混杂因素后,以活动量最少的Q1组为参照,活动量最多的Q4组中零星、短时持续和长时持续MVPA达到HPH的比值比(OR)分别为:11.72(95%CI:2.27,60.53)、7.53(95%CI:1.83,30.90)和8.98(95%CI:1.78,45.39);女童中也得到类似结果,分别为11.85(95%CI:2.33,60.19)、12.34(95%CI:2.47,61.57)和8.58(95%CI:1.70,43.41)。此外,研究发现,合计(零星+持续)MVPA与HPH在男童中存在非线性关系。当合计MVPA≤65 min/天时,每增加1 min的合计MVPA,达到HPH的OR增加19%(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.03,1.37);合计MVPA>65 min/天时,达到HPH的OR无显著变化。女童中未发现此非线性关系。结论:学龄前儿童累积不同簇集特征MVPA越多,达到HPH的比率越高,呈现出显著的剂量-效应关系。而在男童中,每日累积的MVPA超过65 min后达到HPH的比率不再显著增加。

Objective:To examine the dose-response relationship between bouts of physical activity and physical fitness in preschool children.Methods:Sporadic sessions(2~4 s)of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA),short bouts(5~9 s)of MVPA;and medium-to-long bouts(≥10 s)of MVPA were measured over 7 days by using accelerometers.Healthy fitness tests including cardiorespiratory endurance,muscle strength and speed/agility.The bouts of physical activity and composite scores were categorized into quartiles(Q1~Q4 group)by sex,the highest quartile(Q4)denotes as high healthy fitness(HPH).Logistic and linear regression were used to analyze the relationship between bouts of MVPA and HPH.Results:A total of 265 participants were included in statistical analysis(149 boys,116 girls,57.19±5.33 months old).After adjustment for confounding factors and compared to Q1 group,the odds ratio for HPH in Q4 were 11.72(95%CI:2.27,60.53)、7.53(95%CI:1.83,30.90)and 8.98(95%CI:1.78,45.39)for sporadic MVPA,short bouts and medium-to-long bouts of MVPA in boys,respectively.Similar results were observed in girls as well,and the results were 11.85(95%CI:2.33,60.19)、12.34(95%CI:2.47,61.57)and 8.58(95%CI:1.70,43.41),respectively.In addition,there was a non-linear relationship between overall MVPA and HPH in boys.If the total MVPA≤65 minutes/day,the OR of achieving HPH increased by 19%(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.03,1.37)for every 1 minute/day increment in total MVPA;but if the total MVPA>65 minutes/day,the OR of achieving HPH was not go up further.However,the non-linear relationship was not found in girls.Conclusion:There is a significant dose-response relationship between bouts of MVPA and HPH in preschool children.In boys,the OR of achieving HPH was progressively increased if the total MVPA≤65 minutes/day.