低负荷加压训练改善自发性高血压大鼠的血压效果及机制研究

Effect and Mechanism of Blood Flow Restriction Combined with Low Load Training on Blood Pressure of Male Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

目的:探究低负荷加压训练对自发性高血压大鼠的降压效果及其作用机制。方法:选取4周龄雄性自发性高血压大鼠,随机分为对照组(高血压安静组)、低负荷训练组、低负荷加压训练组和高负荷训练组。低负荷训练组进行35%~55%1RM递进式低负荷爬梯训练,低负荷加压训练组进行30%~40%血流受限结合35%~55%1RM递进式低负荷爬梯训练,高负荷训练组进行55%~75%1RM递进式高负荷爬梯训练,训练后测定血压、血液中内皮素-1、血管内皮生长因子、一氧化氮合成酶的表达和心肌组织中内皮型一氧化氮合成酶的表达。结果:1)与对照组、高负荷训练组相比,低负荷加压训练组收缩压、舒张压显著下降(P<0.05);与低负荷训练组相比,低负荷加压训练组舒张压显著下降(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,低负荷加压训练组血液中内皮素-1表达显著下调(P<0.05),血管内皮生长因子和一氧化氮合成酶表达显著上调(P<0.05);3)与对照组相比,低负荷加压训练组心肌中内皮型一氧化氮合成酶表达显著上调(P<0.05);4)在低负荷加压训练组中,收缩压与内皮素-1呈正相关,相关性分析具有统计学意义(P<0.05);收缩压与一氧化氮合成酶、血管内皮生长因子、内皮型一氧化氮合成酶均呈负相关,相关性分析具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:1)低负荷加压训练降压效果优于高负荷训练;2)低负荷加压训练能够通过下调血液中内皮素-1的表达,上调血液中血管内皮生长因子和一氧化氮合成酶的表达,同时上调心肌中内皮型一氧化氮合成酶表达,改善内皮细胞功能,达到降压的效果。

To explore the effect and mechanism of blood flow restriction combined with low intensity resistance exercise training on blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats.Four weeks old male spontaneously hypertensive rats were randomly divided into control group,low intensity training group,pressure training group and high intensity training group.35%~55%1RM progressive anti ladder training program was conducted in the low intensity training group;30%~40%blood flow restriction and 35%~55%1RM progressive anti ladder training program was conducted in the pressure training group;55%~75%1RM progressive anti ladder training program was conducted in the high intensity training group.After training,the blood pressure,expression of endothelin-1,vascular endothelial growth factor and nitric oxide synthetase were measured.Results:1)compared with the control group and the high-intensity training group,the systolic and diastolic blood pressure were decreased significantly in the pressure training group(P<0.05);compared with the low-intensity training group,the diastolic blood pressure was decreased significantly in the pressure training group(P<0.05).2)compared with the control group,the expression levels of endothelin-1 in the blood was decreased significantly in the pressure training group(P<0.05),and the expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor and nitric oxide synthetase were increased significantly(P<0.05);3)compared with the control group,the expression level of endothelial nitric oxide synthetase in the myocardium was increased significantly in the pressure training group(P<0.05);4)in the pressure training group,the systolic pressure was positively correlated with endothelin-1(P<0.05);the systolic blood pressure was negatively correlated with nitric oxide synthetase,vascular endothelial growth factor and endothelial nitric oxide synthetase(P<0.05).Conclusinon:1)the effect of blood flow restriction combined with low intensity resistance training on blood pressure is better than that of high-intensity resistance training;2)blood flow restriction combined with low intensity resistance training can increase the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and nitric oxide synthetase in blood and increase the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthetase in heart muscle,which result in the improvement of the endothelial cells function and blood pressure.