东京都市圈生活功能建设经验及对中国的启示

The Experience of Living Function Nurturing in Tokyo Metropolitan Area and its Enlightenment to China

在超千万人口的都市圈中,东京在生活体验上一直广受赞誉,是全球各大宜居城市排行榜的“常客”。东京都市圈在发展过程中面对内城拥挤加剧、生活成本增高、生态环境变差等问题,从居住、休闲、生态等方面构建美好生活圈。东京都市圈以生活圈建设缓解城市问题的主要做法包括建设职住平衡和适应老龄化的“宜居生活圈”、构筑便捷舒适的“休闲生活圈”、打造高效流通的“新鲜生活圈”、塑造生态美丽的“绿色生活圈”。借鉴东京的经验,中国都市圈建设应立足高质量发展,建设“非自立”新城、实施“交通+”策略、培育都市圈外围品质生活节点、以集约方式增强经济和人口承载力为重点推进生活圈建设。

Among metropolitan areas with population of more than 10 million,Tokyo has been widely praised for its life experience,and frequently appears in the world’s major ranking for livable cities.In its process of development,Tokyo metropolitan area faced with problems such as increasing inner city congestion,increasing cost of living,and deteriorating ecological environment.It managed to facilitate a decent living circle—better environment for living,leisure,and ecology.The main approaches to alleviate the urban problems in the construction of living circle in Tokyo metropolitan area include building a“livable life circle”with decent job-housing balance and better adaptation to aging society,facilitating a convenient and comfortable“leisure life circle”,designing a“fresh life circle”with efficient logistic system,and weaving a“green life circle”with beautiful ecology.Based on the experience of Tokyo,the construction of China’s metropolitan area need to follow the path of high-quality development.Implications include to build“non-independent”new town,implement“transportation+”strategy,cultivate nodes with high living quality around the metropolitan area,and focus on enhancing economic and population capacity in an intensive way.