高铁能否促进产业结构升级:基于资源再配置的视角

Can High-speed Railway Promote Industrial Structure Upgrading:Based on Resource Reconfiguration Perspective

高铁建设进一步完善了我国的交通网络体系,这对地区经济时空格局将产生深远影响。文章采用2000-2016年地级市辖区数据构建"反事实"框架下的双重差分模型,研究高铁开通对我国地区产业结构升级的因果净效应。结果发现,高铁建设显著提升了地区产业结构由低级向高级转变的高级化进程,且东、中部地区高铁开通的净效应显著,西部地区却不明显,稳健性检验结果依然显著。进一步从资源再配置视角检验高铁建设的作用机制,研究发现,高铁开通加速了地区劳动力流通和资本积累,并且高铁建设主要通过提升资本和劳动力再配置效应来实现地区产业结构由低级向高级的动态转化。同时劳动力和资本再配置效率存在明显的区域差异性,即东、中部地区劳动力和资本再配置效率显著高于西部地区,具有潜在的"俱乐部收敛"特征。

The construction of high-speed railway has further improved China’s transportation network system,which has a profound impact on the spatial and temporal pattern of regional economy.This paper,adopting prefecture-level city jurisdiction data from 2000 to 2016,studys the causal effect of high-speed rail opening on the upgrading of industrial structure in China,using the double difference regression method under the framework of"counterfactual".The results show that the construction of high-speed rail has significantly improved the advanced process of the regional industrial structure,and the net effect of high-speed rail opening in the eastern and central regions is significant,but not in the western region.The results of the robustness test are still significant.This paper further examines the mechanism of high-speed rail construction from the perspective of resource reconfiguration.The study finds that the opening of high-speed rail accelerates regional labor circulation and capital accumulation and the construction of high-speed rail mainly realizes the dynamic transformation of regional industrial structure from low-level to high-level by improving the capital and labor re-allocation effect.At the same time,there are obvious regional differences in labor and capital re-allocation efficiency,which labor and capital re-allocation efficiency in the eastern and central regions is significantly higher than that in the western region.This has the potential"club convergence"feature.