儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘转为典型哮喘的多因素分析

Multifactorial Analysis of Cough Variant Asthma in Children into Typical Asthma

目的分析探讨儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘与典型哮喘之间相互转化的危险因素。方法选取2015年1月-2019年1月本院178例符合纳入标准及排除标准的儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿,记录并统计患儿的一般情况(性别、年龄、病程、病情)和危险因素的情况,后对所有患儿进行规范化治疗,12周后统计儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘进展为典型哮喘的结果,并对其进行分析。结果178例儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘经规范化治疗12周后,有32例患儿进展为典型哮喘;在儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘进展为典型哮喘的危险因素分析中,患儿一般情况、过敏史、家族特应性疾病史、饲养宠物、环境潮湿均为无明显相关影响因素(P>0.05);而合并呼吸道感染、治疗依从性差、患儿特应性体质、家族哮喘史、被动吸烟、室内灰尘、新装修房屋均为明显相关影响因素(P<0.05),其中,Logistic多因素回归分析结果得出前四者在儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘进展为典型哮喘的过程中占有重要危险因素的位置(P<0.05)。结论儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿,尤其是合并有呼吸道感染、治疗依从性差、患儿特应性体质及家族哮喘史的患儿更易进展为典型哮喘,针对以上危险因素及时进行干预,对改善儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘进展为典型哮喘的预后有积极临床意义。

Objective To analyze the relationship between cough variant asthma in children and the risk factors of typical asthma.Methods From January 2015 to January 2019,a total of 178 hospital children with cough variant asthma were included in the study.General information(gender,age,course,condition)and risk factors were recorded,and standardized treatment was given.After 6 months,the results of children’s cough variant asthma progression as typical asthma were analyzed.Results Six months after the standard treatment of 178 children with cough variant asthma,32 children developed typical asthma.And,the results of risk factor analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between the general condition,allergy history,family history of atopic disease,pet keeping and humidity in the environment and the progression of cough variant asthma to typical asthma in children(P>0.05).However,complicated respiratory tract infection,poor treatment compliance,children’s atopic constitution,family history of asthma,passive smoking,indoor dust and newly decorated houses are all the influencing factors for the development of cough variant asthma in children(P<0.05).Among them,the results of logistic multi-factor regression analysis showed that the first four factors were imPortant risk factors for children’s cough variant asthma to develop into typical asthma(P<0.05).Conclusion Cough variant asthma is more likely to develop into typical asthma in children with respiratory tract infection,poor treatment compliance,atopic constitution and family history of asthma.Timely intervention against the above risk factors has positive clinical significance in improving the prognosis of children with cough variant asthma progressing to typical asthma.