逆全球化浪潮中俄罗斯经济平衡的财政作用

Study on the Public Finance Role in Stabilizing Russian Economy in the Deglobalization Era

俄罗斯是经济全球化进程中一个不容忽视的重要经济体。受经济体制转变、国际能源市场波动以及地缘政治局势等内外因素影响,自上世纪90年代开始,俄罗斯经济历经衰落、复苏、动荡,在力求最大限度利用全球化好处的同时,也不可避免地吞下经济全球化带来的消极后果。近年来,全球化进程面临着更加强大的逆势力量,俄罗斯将稳定作为经济发展的首要目标,积极制定实施反危机计划,全力确保其经济在全球化和逆全球化中保持平衡,为更好解决本国经济社会发展顽疾营造环境、赢取时间。本文简要回顾了俄罗斯经济三十年来的走势,对2018年俄罗斯财政运行情况进行了详细分析,归纳总结了其在逆全球化背景下采取的具体举措以及效应,进而提出了我国可以从中得到的启示借鉴。

The Russian economy plays a substantial role in economic globalization. Influenced by economic institutional transition, fluctuations in global energy market, geopolitical issues, as well as other internal and external factors, the Russian economy has undergone recession, recovery and fluctuations since 1990 s. While it has tried hard to seek benefits from globalization, the Russian economy also absorbed, inevitably, some negative effects of economic globalization. In recent years, a powerful reverse trend of globalization has been observed,but with stability being the primary goal of economic development, Russia has actively designed and implemented the policy to deal with the crisis and keep the balance between globalization and deglobalization, creating a good environment and saving time for better tackling the long-standing problems in domestic economic and social development. This article briefly reviews the trend of the Russian economy for the past thirty years,summarizes the specific policies and their impact under the shadow of deglobalization. It closely analyzes the performance of Russian public finance policy in 2018 and provides some lessons that China could learn from.