行为贫困陷阱的心理机制与管理对策:基于认知与动机双视角

Psychological mechanisms and management strategies of behavioral poverty trap: Based on the dual perspectives of cognition and motivation

借鉴行为经济学家开创的应用行为决策于贫困研究的新范式,选取我国"连片特困地区"的贫困者为研究对象。首先建构"认知和动机双视角的行为贫困陷阱"的立论模型;然后通过"贫困所致认知后果影响后继决策行为的心理机制和神经机制",以及"贫困所致认知和动机后果共同影响后继决策行为的作用机制"来探索贫困所致心理后果与后继决策行为间的因果效应;最后进行"贫困所致认知功能改变影响后继决策行为的随机控制实验"和"贫困所致自我认同改变影响后继决策行为的现场干预研究",旨在通过"扶志和扶智"达到"授人以渔",并从中提炼出可供扶贫政策参考的管理对策。

This project aims to investigate psychological mechanisms of behavioral poverty trap in China, and hence put forward corresponding risk management strategies. For this purpose, we intend to draw on the new research paradigm in poverty study, which is initiated by behavioral economists, and recruit residents who live in extreme poor areas as participants. First, a framework concerning both the cognitive and motivational base of behavioral poverty trap is proposed as empirical and theoretical route of this project. Second, we analyze how cognitive outcomes of poverty psychologically and neurally affect subsequent decision behavior, as well as how both cognitive and motivational outcomes of poverty jointly influence subsequent decision behavior. In addition, the casual effect of psychological outcomes caused by poverty on subsequent decision behavior is empirically examined. Third, we further conduct randomized controlled experiments to understand the influence of cognitive changes caused by poverty on subsequent decision behavior, as well as field intervention studies to test the effect of self-identity changes caused by poverty on subsequent decision behavior. Based on these empirical researches, management strategies for poverty alleviation are discussed.