《喧哗与骚动》:一出社会伦理启示录

The Sound and the Fury:A Revelation of Social Ethics

用文学伦理学批评理论的方法,解读分析了《喧哗与骚动》中的伦理环境、伦理困境以及人物的伦理选择。文章揭示了:南北战争中的失败使得美国南方旧的伦理秩序遭到破坏,伦理环境的改变以及随之而来的社会伦理身份的变化,使得没落贵族康普生家族成员陷入伦理困境。对此,康普生家族两代人及仆人迪尔西都作出了各自的伦理选择——康普生先生和昆丁沉溺于过去,杰生贪婪刻薄、自私自利,凯蒂勇敢反抗社会不公但触犯伦理规则,迪尔西始终胸怀人类美德。康普生家族这些人的伦理选择向读者展示了美国南方乃至整个人类社会解决伦理困境的可能出路,即人类的古老美德。

This paper analyzes the ethical environment,ethical dilemma and ethical choice of characters in The Sound and the Fury by means of the theory of literary ethical criticism,with the purpose to display the following aspects:The failure of the Civil War destroyed the old ethical order in the south of America.The change of the ethical environment and the consequent change of social ethical identity made the members of Compson family-the declining aristocrat family fall into an ethical dilemma.In this regard,two generations of the Compson family and the servant Dilsey made their own ethical choices respectively.That′s to say,Mr.Compson and Mr.Quentin who dwelled on the past,Jason who was egoistic,Caddy who was brave but violated the ethical rules,while the servant Dilsey who was with human virtue in her mind.All the above-mentioned characters showed readers a revelation of social ethics and implied a possible solution to the plight of the American south,even that of the whole human beings-the ancient virtue of mankind.