规避伦理风险:智能时代教育回归原点的中国智慧

Avoiding Ethical Risks:The Chinese Wisdom for the Returning to the Origin of Education in the Age of Intelligence

人工智能、大数据等新技术发展将带来教育的深刻变革,但也伴随着具有隐蔽性、诱惑性的伦理风险,包括人的主体性地位实现、学习效果控制、教育与生活的关系、社会竞争和教育公平等多个方面。潜在的伦理风险需要"回归原点"的教育预防和规避。回归原点就是回到教育的本土性和本体性",本土"强调教育要立足中国的传统文化、社会制度、人民生活实际;"本体"强调教育要以人为本和坚持立德树人。中华优秀传统文化在本体论上强调性命之学,价值论上重视德性伦理,认识论上强调心的作用,方法论上重视体悟,这是建构智能时代教育伦理的重要基石。优秀传统文化倡导"向善"的技术伦理,在防止人被技术异化、避免恶性竞争、保障公平等方面具有重要价值,是思考智能时代教育发展的原点,是创造美好生活的精神宝库,将为规避未来世界教育中技术应用的伦理风险贡献中国智慧。

The development of new technologies,such as artificial intelligence and big data,will bring about profound changes in education,but it is accompanied by hidden and seductive ethical risks,including the realization of human subjectivity,the control of learning effect,the relationship between education and life,social competitions and educational equity.These potential ethical risks need to be prevented and avoided through the"returning of education to the origin,"namely returning to native and noumenon-based education,which emphasizes education based on traditional Chinese culture,the social system and people’s real life,and education adhering to people orientation and the cultivation of talents by molding people’s high morals.Excellent traditional Chinese culture highlights the study of life in terms of ontology,morality and ethics in terms of axiology,the role of mind in terms of epistemology,and perception in terms of methodology,and these serve as an important foundation of educational ethics in the age of intelligence.Excellent traditional culture advocates the technological ethics of"doing good",which is of great value in preventing people from being alienated by technology,avoiding vicious competitions and ensuring fairness.As the origin of the development of education in the age of intelligence,and the spiritual treasure house for creating a better life,excellent traditional culture will offer Chinese wisdom to avoid the ethical risks of technology application in the future education of the world.