儒家文化缓解员工工作压力的作用机制研究

Research on the Mechanism of Confucian Culture in Relieving Work Stress

中国是世界制造业第一强国,如何缓解中国员工面临的巨大工作压力,一直是中国企业界和学术界面对的重要议题。本文运用程序化扎根理论方法,通过对宁波兴瑞电子科技股份有限公司的单案例纵向研究,发现企业通过深入、持续地开展包括"言教""身教""境教"在内的儒家文化教育实践,能够从情感和认知上影响员工,进而改善员工对待工作和同事的态度和行为,并最终实现缓解员工的工作压力这一良好效果。本文的理论贡献在于:基于文化传统这一独特视角,提出了"文化相宜-工作压力缓解模型",剖析了儒家文化缓解员工工作压力的内在机制,认为其表层原因在于儒家文化是员工生活的主要传统,而深层原因在于儒家文化倡导自强不息和内求自省的精神。

As the world’s largest manufacturing power, how to relieve the huge work stress faced by Chinese employees for a long time has been an important issue for Chinese enterprises and academia.In this paper, a single-case longitudinal study of NINGBO SUNRISE ELC TECHONOLOGY CO. LTD is carried out using the procedural grounded theory. It is found that enterprises can affect employees emotionally and cognitively through in-depth and continuous Confucian culture education and practice,including precept education, example education and environmental education. Precept education means that the enterprise arranges employees to study Confucian culture books, which mainly include classics such as The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, The Great Learning, and The Doctrine of the Mean. In addition, it also includes more accessible and widely influential folk books such as The Book of Filial Piety and Standards for Students. Example education means that leaders set an example and influence the behavior of employees through their own actions. Environmental education means that the enterprise implements a series of Confucian cultural practices that care for employees to form a positive and harmonious atmosphere, which ultimately affects the behavior of employees. In this way, employees’ behaviors towards work and colleagues can be improved, and finally a good effect of relieving employees’ work stress can be achieved. The theoretical contributions of this paper are as follows:Based on the unique perspective of cultural tradition, this paper puts forward the model of "Cultural Compatibility–Work Stress Relief" and analyzes the internal mechanism of Confucian culture to relieve the work stress of employees, in which the superficial reason is that Confucian culture is the main tradition of employees’ life and the deep one is that Confucian culture advocates the spirit of selfimprovement and self-examination.