肝脏驻留NK细胞的发育分化及其个体发生

Development and ontogeny of liver-resident NK cells

人和小鼠肝脏组织富含一群具有组织驻留特性的肝脏特有NK细胞,其与经典NK细胞在表型、功能、发育与分化等诸多方面具有显著差异。肝脏驻留NK细胞也被学界称为肝脏1型固有淋巴细胞,具有不成熟NK细胞的表型特征和很强的分泌细胞因子的能力,参与调节机体的免疫应答。肝脏驻留NK细胞与经典NK细胞受到不同转录因子的调控并呈现发育分化路径差异,在个体发生过程中的动态变化也不同。本文综述了肝脏驻留NK细胞的发现、发育分化、个体发生及微环境影响因素,为进一步对其深入研究提供新思路。

A unique NK(natural killer)cell population with tissue-resident property is abundantly present in murine and human liver,which is different from conventional NK cells in the terms of phenotype,function,development,etc.Liver-resident NK cells are also referred to as liver type 1 innate lymphoid cells(ILC1s).They display an immature phenotype,have potent ability of secreting cytokines,and contribute to shaping immune responses.Liver-resident NK cells and conventional NK cells represent developmentally distinct lineages,require different transcriptional factors for their development,and generate at different stages during ontogeny.Here,we review recent advances in liver-resident NK cells,with a particular emphasis on their development and ontogeny,and propose questions that remain to be addressed in this field.