高温矿井热湿环境对人体机能的影响

Influence of Heat and Humidity Environment on Function of Human Body in High Temperature Mine

矿井高温热害及其治理已成为国内外采矿界公认的科技难题,矿井降温技术已成为高温矿井正常安全生产、企业发展的瓶颈技术和关键技术。随着矿井开采深度逐渐增加,作业人员的安全及职业健康问题愈加突出,尤其是高温高湿环境下矿工的健康问题。研究热湿环境对人体机能的影响尺度,可为更好地调节高温矿井热湿环境提供依据和借鉴。针对3个高温金属矿井,选取不同中段的5个作业点(其环境温度范围分别为23~26℃、27~30℃、31~34℃、35~38℃、39~42℃,湿度范围介于60%~70%、70%~80%、80%~90%三个区间,风速调控为0.5 m/s、1.5 m/s、2.5 m/s),对50名矿工(10个作业小组)进行生理、心理及行为测量。通过测量及数据分析得到热湿环境下人体各机能参数的变化趋势,结论为温度27℃以下、湿度60%~70%、风速0.5 m/s为矿工作业环境的舒适范围。温度超过27℃,湿度超过70%时,需采取降温除湿措施改善井下作业条件。

Heat damage and treatment of high temperature in mine has become a recognized scientific and technological problem in the mining industry at home and abroad.Mine cooling technology has become the technical bottleneck and keys for normal safety production and enterprise development of high temperature mine.With the gradual increase of mining depth,the safety and occupational health of the workers were seriously threatened,especially the health of the miners under high temperature and high humidity.The study on the influence level of thermal and humid environment on function of human body can provide basis and reference for better regulating the thermal and humid environment in a high-temperature mine.Physical,psychological and behavioral measurements were performed on 50 miners(10 working groups)at five operating points in different middle sections of three high-temperature metal mines(the temperature ranges from 23~26℃,27~30℃,31~34℃,35~38℃and 39~42℃ respectively;the humidity ranges from 60%~70%,70%~80% and 80%~90%;the wind speed was adjusted at 0.5 m/s,1.5 m/s and 2.5 m/s).Through measurement and data analysis,the variation trend of various functional parameters of human body in the hot and humid environment was obtained,and the conclusion was that the temperature below 27℃,humidity of 60%~70%and wind speed at 0.5 m/s were the comfortable environment for miners.When the temperature exceeds 27℃ and the humidity exceeds 70%,it is necessary to take cooling and dehumidifying measures to improve operating conditions underground.