尿流动力学在膀胱出口梗阻非侵入性研究进展

Progress in non-invasive research of urodynamics in determining bladder outlet obstruction

良性前列腺增生(BPH)是一种前列腺非恶性增大的年龄相关性组织学改变,可能引起男性膀胱出口梗阻(BOO),高达15%~25%的50~65岁男性患有下尿路症状(LUTS),包括夜尿症,尿急,尿频,尿不尽等。大部分患者基于症状和低流率而被施行了前列腺切除术,以解除BOO。但据报道大约有四分之一的患者在施行前列腺切除术后并不能改善症状。压力-流率测定(PFS)目前被认为是诊断BOO的金标准,已经被建议为术前必须进行的检查项目。而当前普遍使用的尿流动力仪检测技术存在一定的缺点,其检查过程耗时较长,费用较高,同时它是有创性操作,可引起患者的一些病理状态。因此,各种非侵入性的检测方法被提出以满足尿流动力学检查的需要,本文就各种非侵入性评价、诊断BOO的方式作一综述。

Benign prostatic hyperplasia is an age-related histological change in the non-malignant enlargement of the prostate that may cause obstruction of the bladder outlet in men.Up to 15%to 25%of men aged 50-65 have lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS),including nocturia urgency,frequent urination,urinary incontinence,etc.Most patients underwent prostatectomy based on symptoms and low flow rates to relieve bladder outlet obstruction,but it is reported that approximately one in four patients were not found improvement in symptoms after prostatectomy.Pressure flow rate measurement is currently considered to be the gold standard for the diagnosis of bladder outlet obstruction,which has been suggested as a pre-operative examination.The current commonly used urine flow meter detection technology has certain shortcomings,the inspection process takes longer time,it is more expensive,and it is invasive operation,it may also cause some pathological state of the patient.Therefore,various non-invasive detection methods have been proposed to meet the needs of urodynamic examination.This article reviews various non-invasive evaluations and diagnosis of bladder outlet obstruction.