西安的“蒙元记忆”——受蒙元政治文化影响的西安地名探析

Mongolian Yuan Memory in Xi’an——On the Place Names in Xi’an under the Political and Cultural Influence of the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty

地名蕴含着丰富的历史文化信息,是研究一个城市发展的“活化石”。西安作为历史文化名城,亦保留了众多历史地名。元代安西王的出镇与大量蒙古军民的迁入,也使今西安地区保留了一些受蒙元历史文化影响的地名。这类地名大致可分为两种:一种为直接受蒙元时期历史影响而保留的蒙语地名,如泘沱等;另一种为后世对蒙元历史追忆而起的地名,如斡耳垛等。安西王及其王府的巨大历史影响力,以及之后蒙汉民众的和谐交融,均使得这些受蒙元文化影响的地名保存至今。这些独特的地名不仅对研究元代关中地区的社会历史具有重要作用,而且亦是多民族文化交流、融合的重要见证。

With rich historical and cultural connotations,place names are the“living fossils”for the study of a city’s development.As a famous historical and cultural city,Xi’an has also retained many historical place names.Both the King of Anxi’s departure from his conferred territory in the Yuan Dynasty and the immigration of a large number of Mongolian troops and people have resulted in having retained some place names in today’s Xi’an,influenced by the history and culture of the Yuan Dynasty.These place names can be divided into two categories:One is Mongolian place names,directly influenced by the history of the Mongolian Yuan Period,such as Hutuo,the other is the place names for later generations to recall the Mongolian Yuan history,such as Woerduo.The great historical influence from the King of Anxi and his palace as well as the later harmonious integration of the Mongolian and Han people have made these place names influenced by the Mongolian Yuan culture survive to this day.These unique place names not only have played an important role in the study of the social history of Guanzhong Area in the Yuan Dynasty but also served as an important witness to the cultural exchange and integration of the multi-ethnic groups.