宋朝礼仪职官制度探略

An Analysis of the Etiquette and Official System in the Song Dynasty

宋代前期,礼仪事务虽主要由太常礼院负责,但“判太常寺兼礼院事”则可同时担任太常寺和太常礼院的长官。康定元年(1040)以后,判太常寺或同判太常寺多兼礼仪事,其权责高于知太常礼院或同知太常礼院,判太常寺官开始较多地参与礼仪决策事务,但礼仪事务主要办公场所仍在太常礼院。熙宁年间,“判太常寺兼礼仪事”办公地点由太常礼院调整到太常寺。元丰改制后,太常寺虽不隶属于礼部,但在行政程序上处于礼部的下一层级,一般程序下太常寺要通过礼部完成与朝廷的沟通。

In the early Song Dynasty,the Ritual Academy was mainly responsible for ceremonial affairs.The Supervisor of the Imperial Sacrifices and the concurrent Ceremonial Affairs could be the leader of both the Court of Imperial Sacrifices and the Ritual Academy.After the 1st year of Kangding Period,the Supervisor of the Imperial Sacrifices and the like were also responsible for participating in coping with ceremonial affairs,whose power was often higher than or the same as that of the Ritual Academy,yet,the main office was still located at the Ritual Academy.Since the Xining Period,the work place was adjusted and moved from the Ritual Academy to the Court of of Imperial Sacrifices.After the reform in the Yuanfeng Period,The Court of Imperial Sacrifices didn’t belong to the Ministry of Rites any longer,but was just lower than the Ministry of Rites at the administrative procedure.Generally,the Court of Imperial Sacrifices’communication with the court should be completed by the Ministry of Rites as a medium.