语言主观性与事件主观化——也谈“你是什么垃圾”

Linguistic Subjectivity and Event Subjectivisation:a Look at“你是什么垃圾”

“错位说”是导致听话人误解“你是什么垃圾”逻辑语义的原因,而“领属转喻说”则实现了“你是什么垃圾”的逻辑语义,二者都与语言主观性有关。语言主观性作用于“领属转喻”与“概念隐喻”时,“你是什么垃圾”依赖说话人话语中的主观关键词来实现话语的语用功能。其中,语言主观性作用于“领属转喻”时,话语幽默调侃的语用功能得以实现;作用于“概念隐喻”时,客观事件开始主观化,话语自我调侃与行为排斥的双重语用功能得以实现。

Dislocation is the cause of misunderstanding on the logical semantic meaning in the comprehension of utterance“你是什么垃圾”,while possessive metonymy is the reason for understanding that utterance correctly in comprehension.In essence,dislocation and possessive metonymy are both related to linguistic subjectivity,and the realization of the speaker’s pragmatic function need rely on linguistic subjectivity as well.When linguistic subjectivity acts on both possessive metonymy and conceptual metaphor,the achievement of pragmatic function of“你是什么垃圾”relies on the speaker’s subjective key words in his or her discourses.The speaker’s discourses achieve the pragmatic function called humorous self-ridicule when linguistic subjectivity acts on possessive metonymy.The speaker’s discourses achieve two pragmatic functions called humorous self-ridicule and behavioral exclusion when linguistic subjectivity acts on conceptual metaphor,and the objective real event starts to become a subjective utterance in the speaker’s discourses simultaneously.