基于能源平衡表拆分法的北京城镇居住建筑使用阶段碳排放趋势研究

Study on the Trend of Carbon Emissions during the Use-phase of Urban Residential Buildings in Beijing Based on Energy Balance Table

依据国家统计局和地方统计局公布的统计数据,建立了基于能源平衡表拆分法的居住类建筑使用阶段碳排放计算模型,并对北京城镇居住建筑实用阶段碳排放逬行了计算。结果表明2005年至2016年期间北京市城镇居住建筑使用阶段单位建筑面积减碳率达到24.8%,其中北京城镇住宅电力碳排放和直接碳排放领域的减碳效果较为明显,热力领域的减碳效果相对较差。根据对单位面积直接碳排放量、单位面积供热量、单位面积供电量、热力碳排放因子、电力碳排放因子五个分项的分析,热力消耗和电力消耗是影响北京城镇居住建筑碳排放的主要因素,其中供暖的碳排放占比最大,也是未来最具调控潜力的因素之一。

Based on the statistical data released by the National Bureau of Statistics and the local statistical bureau,the article discusses the calculation of carbon emission in the use-phase of urban residential buildings based on the energy balance table method,and calculated the carbon emission of urban residential buildings in Beijing.According to this method,most of the historical data in the calculation process can be obtained directly from the Statistical Yearbook,which reduces the degree of difficulty in obtaining data during residential carbon emission assessment.Through this method,the article calculates the use-phase carbon emissions of urban residential buildings in Beijing.Result shows that the total carbon reduction rate reached 24.8%per unit area in Beijing urban residential buildings during 2005-2016,among which,the carbon reduction effect of power supply and direct carbon emission was more obvious,while the heat supply was inapparent relatively.According to the analysis of five relative factors,respectively direct carbon emission,heat supply per unit area electricity supply per unit area,heat release factor and electricity release factor,it shows that heat consumption and electricity consumption are the two major influential factors of carbon emission of urban residential in Beijing,meanwhile heat supply accounted for the largest,which is one of the most promising factors in carbon emissions regulation in the future.