既有多层住宅电梯增设限制条件实态调查

Research on the Restrictive Conditions of Elevator Installation to Existing Multi-storey Residential Buildings

近年来对既有多层住宅增设电梯的呼声愈高,但电梯实际落地面临重重困难。从技术角度分析,由于缺少明确的设计指导,当前加梯种类、方式繁多,出现如电梯过大对原环境干扰严重、对原楼体结构改动大、细节设计粗糙等问题,且一楼一方案效率低下难以快速推广。虽然既有多层住宅小区环境复杂,加梯实施条件有诸多差异,但此类住宅设计标准化程度高,其加梯条件存在共性特征。本文以1970-1990年代既有多层住宅为主要对象,调查其加梯限制条件共性特征。以网络抽样方式调查国内11个城市案例,对比平层、错层两种常见加梯方式的适用度;以北京市小区抽样实地调研方式测取加梯环境信息,对比贴建、连廊等错层加梯方式的适用条件并对比其适用度,探讨具有较高推广度的加梯标准方案可行性,以期更快地推动既有多层住宅加梯工作的进展。

The call for elevator installations to existing multistorey residential buildings has become higher in recent years,while the implementation faces many problems.Due to the lack of clear guidance of implementation and different restrictive conditions,there are a large amount of individual projects occurring many technical problems,such as severe disturb to the residential environment,inappropriate structural change and negligence of detail design.All problems cause project delay or cancelled and are difficult for extensive promotion.Although the environment of existing multi-storey residential buildings is complicated and the installation conditions vary much from time to regions,the design during 1970s-1990s is highly standardized and common characteristics for elevator installation can be concluded.This paper introduces investigations of 3491 online cases from 11 cities and 66 cases in field survey in Beijing.Applicability of common approaches of elevator installation is discussed to explore the feasibility of a standard solution,suitable for different conditions for rapid and extensive promotion.