历史学语境下考察改变人类历史进程的流行性疫病

An Investigation of the Epidemic Diseases Changing the Course of Human History in the Context of History

自然变迁和人类活动使人类与微寄生系统交往的失衡常常导致流行性疫病大范围暴发和长时间蔓延,由此对人的健康与生命安全造成了重大威胁,也导致社会秩序混乱,甚至使人类文明面临难以延续的危机。古往今来,为解决威胁生命安全、经济发展和社会稳定的瘟疫疾患,人类一直在不懈地探索防控流行性疫病的应对机制,如研发流行性疫病疫苗、采取隔离措施、推动公共卫生防疫、完善防治流行性疫病的现代协同治理模式等。当下,人类需总结历史经验又应反思灾难治理中存在的现实问题,这对更好地改善当代和未来人类的生存状况及巩固其在历史发展中的主体地位具有重要的意义。

The unbalance of human interaction with micro-parasitic systems caused by natural changes and human activities often leads to the outbreak and spread of epidemic diseases over a wide range for a long time,which poses a major threat to human health and life safety,and also leads to social disorder,and even makes human civilization face the crisis in which human civilization is unsustainable.Throughout the ages,in order to cope with the plague that threaten life safety,economic development and social stability,human beings have been making unremitting efforts to explore the coping mechanism to prevent and control the epidemic diseases,such as developing the epidemic vaccines,taking isolation measures,promoting the public health epidemic prevention,and improving the modern collaborative management model for epidemic prevention and control.At present,human beings should sum up the historical experience and reflect on the realistic problems in disaster management,which is of great significance to improve the present and future human living conditions and consolidate their dominant position in the historical development.