《皇帝编年史》中的帝国与教会——对中世纪盛期方言历史书写的考察

The Empire and the Church in the Kaiserchronik:An Investigation of the Vernacular Historical Writing in the High Middle Ages

《皇帝编年史》作为12世纪中后期巴伐利亚地区以中古德语撰写的首部方言编年史,具有重要的史学史和文学史价值,也是德意志地区12世纪文艺复兴时期的代表作品。12世纪中期兴盛起来的帝国理念贯穿了《皇帝编年史》的始终,形成了特殊的基督教道德与帝国意识形态教化的结合。《皇帝编年史》通过对教宗—皇帝之间合作的理想化描绘和对重大冲突的选择性忽略,以历史书写的方式建构出一种典范和谐的政教关系。这一调和论倾向既反映了该作品的具体历史语境,也体现了异于拉丁文历史作品的书写动机和书写意图。这部12世纪历史书写中的另类作品体现了强烈世俗化倾向,成为考察中世纪史学在12世纪文艺复兴时期演变的重要切入点。

The Kaiserchronik is the first vernacular chronicle written in Bavaria in medieval High German in the second half of the 12th century,with great values in the history of historiography and literature.It is also a classic from Germany during the Twelfth-Century Renaissance.The idea of empire emerged in the middle of the 12th century goes throught the whole Kaiserchronik,which presents a unique mixture of Christian morality and cultivation of imperial ideology.Through the idealised description of the cooperation between the Pope and the Emperor and the selective neglect,this work constructs an artificial exemplary relationship of the Church and the State.The tendency of compromise contained in the work not only reflects the contemporary historical context,but also indicts the different intentions and motivations between the vernacular and Latin historical writings.This alternative historical writings in the 12th century demonstrates a strong inclination of secularization,which makes it a significant case for reviewing the evolution of the medieval historiography in the Twelfth-Century Renaissance.