基于政策文本分析的我国社会力量参与公共文化服务路径研究

A Research on Participation Ways of Social Forces Involved in Public Cultural Services Based on Public Policies

为引导社会力量参与公共文化服务建设和管理,中央及地方均发布了相关政策指导社会力量参与,目前社会力量参与仍处于自发、分散、无序的非规范状态,需要加强政策理论指导与梳理,以规范社会力量参与合作方式。基于获取的25份中央及地方政府出台社会力量参与公共文化服务相关政策,采用内容分析法对其政策外部特征和主题内容特征进行编码分析。研究发现我国社会力量参与公共文化服务具体政策发布始于2013年,主要以“意见”“通知”等形式集中发布于国务院办公厅、文化和旅游部及区县级政府等机构。从政策文本内容可解析出社会力量参与公共文化服务四种主要路径,分别是政府向社会力量购买服务、公共文化机构与社会力量合建分馆、公共文化机构法人治理结构改革以及社会力量参与文化志愿服务。

With government leading,social forces are encouraged to participate in the construction and management of public cultural services.The central and local governments have issued relevant policies to instruct social forces to take participation.Based on the 25 related policies,this paper uses content analysis method to code and analyze the characteristics among policies.It is found that the specific policies directing social forces participating in public cultural services in China started in 2013,mainly with the forms"opinions"and"notifications",and they are centrally published in the General Office of the State Council,the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and some district governments.From the policy content,four main ways are summarized,including government purchasing services from social forces,the co-construction of branch libraries between public cultural institutions and social forces,the reform of corporate governance structure of public cultural institutions,and the participation of social forces in cultural voluntary services as well.