“别闹大”:中产阶层的策略选择——基于“养老院事件”的抗争逻辑分析

Why"Not to Make It Big"?--A Logical Analysis of the Middle Class Resistance on Nursing Home Incident

"闹大"作为公民抗争的策略性行动,构成了当代中国社会转型时期问题解决的重要景观。本研究基于中产阶层抗争案例的分析发现,"别闹大"的抗争已然成为集体行动的新选择。区别于通过"闹大"方式进行的抗争,"别闹大"抗争的核心特性是组织化而非碎片的行动、双边合法的组织者而非随机偶然的引领者、内向式而非外向式的资源动员、谨慎可控的而非混乱无序的过程、法律导向而非权力导向的诉求指向等。"别闹大"的抗争逻辑是多种因素交织作用的结果,基于"变迁、结构、话语"的理论框架分析发现,中产阶层与低收入阶层的"断裂性"、中产阶层的身份特性及其行动倾向、抗争议题的紧张性特质、政治机会结构的相对开放性等因素共同促成了"别闹大"的抗争逻辑。"别闹大"的抗争突破了"闹大"逻辑的简单谱系,拓展了中产阶层及其集体行动特性的分析,也提供了社会治理的新视野和新思路。

As a strategic action of civil resistance,"Make It Big"is an important way to solve disputes in the time of China’s transition.At the same time,"Not to Make It Big"has also become a new approach of collective movement.This study will analyze the logic of"Not to Make It Big".An exploratory case study by interviewing dozens of residents.The analysis based on the theoretical framework of"transition,structure and discourse".Compared to the"Make It Big"strategy,the new approach includes organized movement rather than fragmented actions,legitimate bilateral organizers rather than random leaders,inward resources mobilization rather than outward one,cautious and manageable process rather than chaotic move,legally-oriented demand rather than power-oriented claim.The logic of"Not to Make It Big"is the result of various factors.The break between the middle class and the low-income class,the characteristics and action tendencies of the middle class,the tension of the disputes,and the openness on the structure of political opportunity have contributed to the logic of"Not to Make It Big".The logic of"Not to Make It Big"fully demonstrates the public spirit of the middle class,and consultation is the best way to resolve such conflicts."Not to Make It Big"challenges the logic of"Make It Big",and expands the analysis of collective action.Most importantly,it provides new ideas for social governance.