功能、战略与制度:一种分析美国在全球能源治理中作用的三维框架

Function,Strategy and Institution:A Three-Dimensional Framework for Analyzing the Role of the United States in Global Energy Governance

美国是全球能源治理的关键参与者。既有文献对美国塑造全球能源治理的行为及其影响因素进行了一些初步分析,但现有分析还比较分散、细碎。本文在借鉴已有研究成果的基础上,综合功能、战略、制度三种视角构建了分析一国国际能源行为的新框架,并运用该框架对美国塑造全球能源治理体系的行为进行了分析。研究发现,只有同时符合功能逻辑、战略逻辑与制度逻辑,即能够解决美国自身能源问题、符合美国的战略需求、具备一定国内或国际制度基础,美国才能在全球能源治理中发挥重大作用。这一三维分析框架,有助于理解历史上美国在全球能源治理中的贡献与局限性,也为理解未来美国对全球能源转型的可能贡献提供了重要借鉴。

The United States is a principal participator in global energy governance.The existing researches have carried out some preliminary analyses on the U.S.'behaviors of shaping global energy governance and their influences,but these analyses are still scattered and fragmented.Based on the existing research conclusions,this paper develops a new analytic framework for a country's global energy behaviors from functional,strategic and institutional perspectives.Using this framework,the paper conducts an empirical analysis on how the U.S.has shaped global energy governance with three case studies(the IEA,the NAFTA,and the UNFCCC).It is found that only when U.S.'s behaviors meet the functional logic(to solve the domestic energy challenges),the strategic logic(to meet U.S.'s strategic needs)and the institutional logic(to have a certain institutional foundation domestically or internationally),the U.S.can exert significant influence on global energy governance.This three-dimensional analytical framework will help to understand the historical contributions and limitations of the U.S.in global energy governance,as well as to predict its possible contribution in global energy transition in the future.