再论检察机关的民事证据调查权

Re-discussion on the Power of Investigation of Civil Evidence of Procuratorial Organs

2012年《民事诉讼法》为适应其赋予检察机关的民事诉讼检察监督权,赋予检察机关以民事证据调查权,不过其对询问当事人、证人以外的证据调查方式没有规定,也没有规定被调查人不予配合的情形。2017年民事诉讼法的修改,在赋予检察机关以民事公益诉权的基础上,进一步加剧了检察机关民事证据调查权的立法与实践需要之间的矛盾。从检察机关在民事诉讼中的职能出发,结合检察机关行使民事诉讼检察监督权的不同情形,应该赋予检察机关以查阅案卷材料的权力。在民事公益案件中,还应当赋予检察机关以强制的方法收集证据的权力。

In order to adapt to the procuratorial organs’power of procuratorial supervision in civil proceedings,the Civil Procedure law 2012 gives the procuratorial organs the power to investigate civil evidence,but it does not stipulate the ways of investigating evidence other than inquiring the parties and witnesses,nor does it stipulate the case that the respondents will not cooperate.The amendment of the Civil Procedure Law in 2017,on the basis of giving the procuratorial organs the right of civil public interest litigation,further intensifies the contradiction between the legislative and practical needs of the procuratorial organs’civil evidence investigation power.Starting from the functions of procuratorial organs in civil litigation and considering the different situations in which procuratorial organs exercise procuratorial supervision power in civil litigation,procuratorial organs should be given the power to consult the files.In civil public welfare cases,procuratorial organs should also be empowered to collect evidence by compulsory means.