纤维素/石墨烯多孔复合气凝胶的制备与表征

Preparation and characterization of cellulose/graphene porous composite aerogels

通过对高纯鳞片石墨(GE)进行化学处理,制备氧化石墨烯(GO)和还原石墨烯(rGO);以针叶木纤维素为基体,GO、rGO为掺杂剂,制备了纤维素/氧化石墨烯复合气凝胶(C/GO)与纤维素/还原石墨烯复合气凝胶(C/rGO)。采用红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、热重分析、杨氏弹性模量对制得气凝胶的结构、形貌、热稳定性和强度性能进行了系统表征。结果表明,GO和rGO依靠氢键结合和纤维素的分散作用在纤维素基体中均匀分散,形成稳定的多孔复合结构;通过杨氏弹性模量确定较适GO、rGO掺杂比均为纤维素的1%,此时C/rGO的杨氏弹性模量为53.26 MPa,是C/GO的1.6倍、纯纤维素气凝胶(CA)的5.4倍。GO、rGO的掺杂在一定程度上提高了纤维素气凝胶的热稳定性。

The graphene oxide(GO)and reduced graphene oxide(rGO)were prepared via chemical treatment of high-purity flake graphite(GE)and then mixed with cellulose to generate cellulose/graphene oxide(C/GO)and cellulose/reduced graphene oxide(C/rGO)composite aerogels.The structure,morphology,thermal stability and strength properties of the composite aerogels were characterized by FT-IR,XRD,TGA,SEM and Young’s modulus techniques.The results showed that GO and rGO was well dispersed in the cellulose base through hydrogen bonding and dispersion of cellulose.The Young’s modulus of C/rGO composite aerogels with 1%rGO was up to 53.26 MPa,which was 1.6 times and 5.4 times as much as that of C/GO composite aerogels with 1%GO and cellulose aerogels,respectively.The introduction of GO and rGO had improved the thermal stability of cellulose aerogels to a certain extent.