湖北地区新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间孕妇的妊娠结局分析

Analysis of the pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19 in Hubei Province

目的研究湖北地区新型冠状病毒感染对孕妇的妊娠结局及新生儿预后的影响。方法回顾性对比16例妊娠合并新型冠状病毒肺炎孕妇与45例未合并新型冠状病毒肺炎孕妇的妊娠结局,同时对临床资料完整的10例新型冠状病毒肺炎孕妇分娩的新生儿实验室检查、影像学检查及新型冠状病毒核酸检查结果进行分析。结果(1)16例新型冠状病毒肺炎孕妇中普通型15例、重型1例,目前尚无一例进展为危重型肺炎。两组孕妇的分娩方式均为剖宫产术分娩,分娩孕周分别为(38.7±1.4)周、(37.9±1.6)周,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组孕妇剖宫产术中出血量、新生儿出生体重分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。(2)收集到的10例新型冠状病毒肺炎感染孕妇分娩的新生儿均未感染新型冠状病毒。两组在胎儿窘迫、羊水粪染、早产、新生儿窒息方面分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。(3)新型冠状病毒肺炎感染孕妇剖宫产术中因子宫收缩乏力使用卡贝缩宫素或卡前列素氨丁三醇[(1.3±0.6)支]多于未合并新型冠状病毒肺炎的孕妇[(0.5±0.7)支],两者比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。结论有产科手术指征或孕妇新型冠状病毒肺炎病情危重的情况下,适时终止妊娠不会增加新生儿窒息及早产的风险,但有利于产妇肺炎病情的治疗及康复;术中预防性使用长效宫缩剂可减少产后出血的发生。妊娠合并新型冠状病毒肺炎分娩的新生儿未发现新型冠状病毒感染。

Objective To study the effect of COVID-19 on pregnancy outcomes and neonatal prognosis in Hubei Province.Methods A retrospective comparison of the pregnancy outcomes was done between 16 women with COVID-19 and 45 women without COVID-19. Also, the results of laboratory tests, imaging examinations, and the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) nucleic acid test were performed in 10 cases of neonatal delivered from women with COVID-19.Results (1) Of the 16 pregnant women with COVID-19, 15 cases were ordinary type and 1 case was severe type. No one has progressed to critical pneumonia.The delivery method of the two groups was cesarean section, and the gestational age were (38.7±1.4) and (37.9±1.6) weeks,there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Also, there wee no significant differences in the intraoperative blood loss and birth weight of the newborn between the two groups (all P>0.05). (2) Ten cases of neonates delivered from pregnant women with COVID-19 were collected. The 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test were all negative.There were no significant differences in fetal distress, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, preterm birth, and neonatal asphyxia between the two groups (all P>0.05).(3) In the treatment of uterine contraction fatigue, carbetocin or carboprost tromethamine was used more in cesarean section for pregnant women with COVID-19 (1.3±0.6), compared with Non-COVID-19 group (0.5±0.7),the difference was statistically significant (P=0.001).Conclusions If there is an indication for obstetric surgery or critical illness of COVID-19 in pregnant women, timely termination of pregnancy will not increase the risk of premature birth and asphyxia of the newborn, but it is beneficial to the treatment and rehabilitation of maternal pneumonia. Preventive use of long-acting uterotonic agents could reduce the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage during surgery. 2019-nCoV infection has not been found in neonates delivered from pregnant women with COVID-19.