德州市长途卡车运输司机艾滋病防治相关知识知晓率及其影响因素分析

Knowledge awareness and influencing factors of AIDS prevention and treatment among long-distance truck drivers in Dezhou city

目的了解长途卡车运输司机(简称长卡司机)人群艾滋病防治知识知晓情况及其影响因素,为制定艾滋病防治策略提供科学依据。方法采取物流公司推荐及社会招募的方式,吸引目标人群参与本项研究,由经过统一培训的调查员,开展一对一的个人访谈。结果共访谈长卡司机216例,平均年龄(42.31±6.30)岁(29~57岁);初中文化147例(68.06%);月均收入(8 932.87±3 933.92)元;从业年限(12.96±7.38)年;每月平均出车(9.49±6.60)次,平均每次出车(4.17±3.83)天,每月平均在外住宿(10.59±7.69)天,174例(80.56%)自诉存在不同程度的职业相关性疾病;92.13%(199例)从未接受过由各级疾病预防控制机构提供的健康知识宣教;44.44%(96例)从未主动进行全面健康体检;最近一年,接受预防艾滋病宣传教育服务情况较差;对于性病和生殖健康咨询服务存在抵触心理。艾滋病知识知晓率为65.28%,艾滋病知识知晓率与文化程度、从业年限间差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论开发新型社交媒体及移动媒体,充分发挥交通运输部门的职责,发动物流公司落实企业责任,开展精准宣教、精准干预,引导长卡司机建立健全自我健康管理意识。

Objective To understand the knowledge awareness of AIDS prevention among the long-distance truck drivers and the influencing factors, and provide a scientific basis for developing AIDS prevention and treatment strategies. Methods The drivers were recruited publically or recommended by the logistics companies. One-on-one interviews were conducted by the trained investigators. Results A total of 216 respondents were interviewed, ranging from 29 to 57 years old(42.31±6.30 years old). 147 cases(68.06%) had the education level of junior high school. The monthly average income was RMB 8932.87±3933.92 yuan and the working years were 12.96±7.38. The average number of trips per month was 9.49±6.60, with an average number of 4.17±3.83 days per trip, and the average monthly accommodation of 10.59±7.69 days away from home. 174 cases(80.56%) self-reported they suffered different occupation-related diseases. 92.13%(199 cases) never received health education provided by the various levels of disease control institutions. 44.40%(96 cases) never received physical exam voluntarily. They rarely received HIV prevention education in the last year and seemed reluctant to receive the services of STD and reproductive health counseling. The awareness rate of AIDS knowledge was 65.28%, with the significantly statistical difference in AIDS knowledge rate, education level and years of employment(P < 0.05). Conclusion We should fully social media and mobiles for health education, and promote the relevant departments, and companies to be responsible for the health of the drivers and guide them for good self-health management.