三种水质评价方法运用于江安河水质分析对比

Three water quality evaluation methods applied to water quality analysis and comparison of Jiang’an River

为调查江安河水质状况,采用单因子评价法、集对分析法及对数型幂函数普适指数公式对江安河3个断面进行水质评价,并对结果进行对比,同时分析3种方法的优缺点。基于江安河三天的水质监测数据,对江安河3个断面进行水质评价,评价结果表明:江安河氨氮指标严重超标,超标指数高达2.83。青春广场白石桥、江安水闸断面污染较重。单因子评价法能直观反映水质因子超标情况,但无法全面反映水质整体状况;集对分析法能同时处理评价标准的确定性与评价因子权重的不确定性问题,但确定水质等级时以选择最大联系度来评定,而弱化其他较大联系度;对数型幂函数普适指数公式计算简单,能同时对地表水21项指标进行等级评定,但评价结果较为保守。

In order to investigate the water quality of Jiang’an River,three simple and practical water quality evaluation methods,namely single-factor evaluation method,set pair analysis method and logarithmic power function universal index formula,were used to evaluate the water quality of three sections of Jiang’an River. The results were compared and the advantages and disadvantages of the three methods were analyzed simultaneously.Based on the water quality monitoring data of Jiang’an River for three days,the water quality evaluation was carried out on three sections of Jiang’an River.The evaluation results show that:the ammonia nitrogen index of Jiang’an River was seriously exceeded,and the over-index was as high as 2.83. The Baishiqiao and Jiang’an sluice sections of Youth Square are heavily polluted.The single factor evaluation method can directly reflect the water quality factor exceeding the standard,but it can not fully reflect the overall condition of the water quality;the set analysis method can simultaneously deal with the uncertainty of the evaluation criteria and the uncertainty of the evaluation factor weight,but the maximum selection when determining the water quality level The degree of connection is used to assess,while weakening other large degrees of connection;the logarithmic power function universal index formula is simple to calculate,and can simultaneously rank 21 indicators of surface water,but the evaluation results are conservative.