乌鲁木齐市米东区大气颗粒物污染特征

Characteristics of air particle pollution in Midong district of Urumqi

基于2017年米东区内3个环境空气自动监测站PM2.5、PM10监测数据,分析了米东区大气颗粒物污染特征。结果表明:2017年米东区PM2.5、PM10年均浓度分别为116μg/m^3、193μg/m^3,超标倍数为2.3和1.8。全年PM2.5、PM10超标率分别为39.0%、49.3%。采暖期空气质量主要受PM2.5污染影响,PM2.5污染区域性特征明显;非采暖期空气质量主要受PM10污染影响。PM2.5、PM10月均浓度变化趋势一致,均呈明显的冬高夏低变化特征。冬季PM2.5/PM10比值超过0.76,反映出大气颗粒物主要以细颗粒物为主的特征。在春夏季该比值低于0.35,说明大气颗粒物浓度变化主要与施工扬尘、道路扬尘和风沙天气有关。

Based on the monitoring data of PM2.5 and PM10 from three automatic monitoring stations of ambient air in Midong District in 2017,the pollution characteristics of atmospheric particles in Midong district were analyzed.The results show that in 2017,the average annual concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 in Midong district were 116 and 193 μg/m^3,respectively,with exceedance multiples of 2.3 and 1.8.The over standard rates of PM2.5 and PM10 were 39.0% and 49.3% respectively. The air quality in heating period is mainly affected by PM2.5 pollution. The regional characteristics of PM2.5 pollution are obvious. The air quality in non heating period is mainly affected by PM10 pollution.The trend of PM2.5 and PM10 is the same,which are obviously higher in winter and lower in summer. In winter,the ratio of PM2.5/PM10 is more than 0.76,which reflects that the main characteristics of atmospheric particles are fine particles. In spring and summer,the ratio is lower than 0.35,which indicates that the change of atmospheric particle concentration is mainly related to construction dust,road dust and wind sand weather.