基于区块链技术服务贸易畅通探讨

Discussion for Trade Facilication Based on Blockchain Technology

当今全球贸易数字化程度不断提高,随着"一带一路"的不断推进,单纯依靠中心化的大数据技术难于适应国家之间平等合作的需要,考虑到国际贸易总体风险水平相对较高,因此急需能够在部分信任、非信任环境下建立数字信任关系,简化跨境交易流程、提高交易效率,充分体现跨境各方平等参与。本文以中国海关试点项目为基础,探讨"一带一路"背景下基于区块链技术建设新型国际贸易支撑体系,从"自证"向"他证"转变前后对国际贸易活动的影响[1],重点就国际贸易规则和法律法规智能合约化、全球国际贸易联网监管中主链和支链设计等问题进行剖析。本文对参与"一带一路"工作的政策设计者、信息化决策者及实施人员具有一定参考意义,对于区块链技术相关研究课题具有一定借鉴作用。

With the continuous improvement of the digitization of global cross-border trade as well as with the advancement of the "Belt and Road", it is difficult to fulfill equal interconnection requirements between countries solely rely on centralized Big Data technology. Considering the overall risk level of cross-border trade could be relatively high, it is urgent to construct digital trust in a partially trusted or even non-trusted environment, simplify cross-border transaction processes, improve transaction efficiency, and fully reflect equal participation of cross-border stakeholders. Based on the pilot project of China Customs, it discusses the transformation of the trust pattern of cross-border trade from "self-prove" to "3rd prove" based on blockchain technology under the background of the "Belt and Road". Also, it analyses issues such as the contractualization of international trade rules, laws and regulations, and the design of primary and side chain in cross-border trade supervision. This article has certain reference significance for policy maker, IT decision makers and implementers participating in the "Belt and Road", and has certain reference function for research topics related to blockchain technology.