高校护理专业女生童年期性虐待经历与自伤行为的相关性

Relationship between childhood sexual abuse and non-suicidal self-injury of female nursing students

目的探讨护理专业女生童年期性虐待特征与非自杀性自伤行为(non-suicidal selfinjury,NSSI)的关系,为干预大学生NSSI提供科学依据。方法于2018年10月采用分层整群抽样方法选取安徽省2所本科和2所专科医学院校,对一至三年级所有在校护理专业的2 549名女生使用自编"安徽省大学生健康相关行为问卷"进行调查,内容包括一般人口学特征、童年期性虐待、NSSI等。结果护理专业女生在最近6个月内NSSI报告率为8.2%。童年期任一时期有性虐待经历均会增加高校护理专业女生发生NSSI的风险(P值均<0.05);小学阶段及更早时期、初中时期、高中时期3个时期均遭受性虐待的高校护理专业女生NSSI发生风险是童年期未遭受性虐待者的5.04倍(95%CI=1.73~14.62,P<0.01)。童年仅遭受接触性性虐待和既遭受接触性又遭受非接触性性虐待经历均会增加高校护理专业女生NSSI发生的风险[OR值(95%CI)分别为2.21(1.48~3.29),3.56(2.13~5.96),P值均<0.05]。童年期性虐待经历发生模式可分为两类,一类为持续遭受性虐待者(占3.1%),另一类为偶发遭受性虐待者(占96.9%)。童年期持续遭受性虐待相比偶发遭受性虐待会增加高校护理女生NSSI发生的风险(OR=2.61,95%CI=1.35~5.05,P<0.01)。结论童年期性虐待发生时期、种类和发生模式均与护理专业女生NSSI关系密切。

Objective To explore the relationships between the characteristics of childhood sexual abuse and non-suicidal self-injury in nursing female college students. Methods Two medical colleges and junior colleges were selected in Anhui province.A total of 2 549 female nursing students in grade 1 to 3 were asked to fill a questionnaire regarding sociodemographic information,childhood sexual abuse and non-suicidal self-injury. Results The reported rate of non-suicidal self-injury among female nursing students in the past six months was 8.2%. Sexual abuse at any time during childhood( primary school or earlier,middle school and high school) increased the risk of non-suicidal self-injury among female nursing students( P<0.05). Exposure to sexual abuse in all three periods was associated with 5.04( 95%CI = 1.73-14.62) times odds ratio than that of those who not exposed to sexual abuse( P<0.01). Only contact sexual abuse and both contact and non-contact sexual abuse in childhood were correlated with non-suicidal self-injury among female nursing students [OR( 95%CI) = 2.21( 1.48-3.29), 3.56( 2.13-5.96) ]( P<0.05). Two patterns of sexual abuse experiences were identified,including persistent sexual abuse( 3.1%) and the other group is occasional sexual( 96.9%). Persistent sexual abuse in childhood was correlated to higher risk of non-suicidal self-injury compared with occasional sexual abuse( OR= 2.61,95%CI = 1.35-5.05,P< 0.01). Conclusion The occurrence periods,types and patterns of sexual abuse in childhood are closely related to non-suicidal self-injury in female nursing students.