幼儿基本动作技能与身体素质的关联性

Relationship between fundamental movement skills and physical fitness in children

目的分析北京市5~6岁幼儿基本动作技能与身体素质之间的关联性,为幼儿体育活动科研工作的进一步开展提供相应的理论依据。方法以北京市3所幼儿园107名5~6岁幼儿为研究对象,采用《儿童运动协调能力评估量表(第二版)》(M-ABC-2)对幼儿基本动作技能进行评估;以《国民体质测定标准手册》(幼儿部分)为标准,对幼儿身体素质进行评价;采用典型相关分析基本动作技能与身体素质之间的关联性。结果 5~6岁幼儿身体素质整体发展水平可正向预测其手部精细操作能力(B=0.24,P<0.05)。典型相关分析显示,在单项身体素质测试中,网球掷远和走平衡木的成绩与手部精细动作能力和动静态平衡能力的得分呈正相关(r=0.43,P<0.01),立定跳远与双脚连续跳也与手部精细操作能力呈正相关(r=0.35,P<0.05)。结论 5~6岁幼儿身体素质与基本动作技能之间存在一定的联系,其协调性、稳定性的良好发展会对动作技能的发展起到积极的促进作用。家长和老师应注重幼儿精细动作能力的发展,以促使其全面健康成长。

Objective To investigate the relationship between fundamental movement skills( FMS) and physical-related fitness( PF) in 5-6 aged children in Beijing and to provide the corresponding theoretical basis for the further development of the scien tific research work of children sports activities. Methods M-ABC-2( Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2) was used to assess FMS of the children aged 5-6 in 3 kindergartens of Beijing;" National Physical Fitness test Standards Manual-Preschool Part" was used as the standard for assessment of children’ s PF;Canonical Correlation Analysis was used to analyze the relationship between FMS and PF. Results A total of 107 children’ s complete data were obtained. The overall development level of 5-6 yearold children’ s physical fitness could positively predict their the manual dexterity( B = 0.24, P<0.05);In the test of individual PF,the muscle strength and balance ability exhibited by the tennis throwing and walking balance wood were also strongly correlated with the manual dexterity( r = 0.43, P<0.01), and the standing long jump and the continuous jump of both feet also showed a positive correlation with the manual dexterity( r = 0.35, P<0.05). Conclusion There is a certain relationship between the PF and FMS of children aged 5-6. The development of coordination and stability will play a positive role in promoting the development of their FMS. At the same time, parents and teachers should pay attention to the development of children’s fine motor skills to promote their overall healthy growth.