自我决定理论对促进儿童青少年体力活动影响的Meta分析

A Meta-analysis of self-determination theory for promoting physical exercises of children and adolescents

目的探讨自我决定理论(self-determination theory,SDT)对促进青少年体力活动之间的关系,为促进青少年参加体力活动提供参考。方法检索EBSCO host、Science Direct、Sports Discus、Springer Link、PubMed和Web of Science等6个数据库,检索从各数据库收录起始日期至2019年5月18日的所有相关文献。收集评估儿童和青少年动机和体力活动之间关系的研究。应用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具对纳入的研究进行方法学质量评价,Stata 14.0软件进行统计分析。结果共有41项研究满足入选条件。自我决定动机的整体水平对体力活动水平有微弱至中等的促进作用(ρ=0.21~0.31)。自主型形式的动机(即内部动机和认同调节)对体力活动有中等的促进作用(ρ=0.27~0.38),而控制型形式的动机(即内摄调节和外部动机)对体力活动有微弱的抑制作用(ρ=-0.17^-0.03)。动机缺失对体力活动有微弱的抑制作用(ρ=-0.21^-0.11)。结论自我决定动机与持续的健康促进行为息息相关,在干预中以自主形式的动机为目标是促进儿童青少年体力活动的有效途径。

Objective To explore the influence of self-determination theory( SDT) on adolescent physical activity promotion. Methods Six electronic databases including EBSCO host, Science Direct, Sports Discus, Springer Link, Pubmed, and Web of Science. The search period is from all databases to all relevant documents from the start date to May 18, 2019. An exhaustive collection of studies was selected to assess the relationship between motivation and physical activity in children and adolescents. Results A total of 41 studies met the inclusion criteria. The overall level of self-determination motivation had a weak to moderate promotion of physical activity level( ρ = 0.21-0.31). Autonomous forms of motivation( internal motivation and identification regulation)had a moderate role in promoting physical activity( ρ = 0.27-0.38), while controlled forms of motivation( ie, introversion regulation and external motivation) had weak inhibition( ρ =-0.17--0.03). Lack of motivation showed a weak inhibitory effect on physical activity( ρ =-0.21--0.11). Conclusion Self-determination motives are significatly correlated with continued health promotion behaviors. Therefore, it is an effective method to promote physical health among children and adolescents with self-determination motive as an objective in the intervention.