广州市小学教室耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌污染率及耐药谱

Contamination prevalence and drug resistance spectrum of MRSA from classrooms in Guangzhou primary schools

目的了解广州市小学教室环境金黄色葡萄球菌(staphylococcus aurecus,SA)和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus,MRSA)的分布及耐药情况,为预防和控制SA、MRSA在校园的传播提供参考。方法采用分层整群抽样法,于2016年5-6月选取广州市8所小学并对其教室内的空气、门把手、课桌表面、课椅表面、灯开关和地面进行采样,分离鉴定SA和MRSA并进行药物敏感试验。结果共采集样本760份,SA检出率为8.8%,MRSA检出率为4.2%,教室内不同采样部位金黄色葡萄球菌检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),教室地面、教室灯开关及课桌表面的SA和MRSA检出率均大于6.0%。MRSA的多重耐药率高达100.0%,主要耐药模式为青霉素-红霉素-利福平-四环素-替考拉宁。结论小学教室内的空气、门把手、课桌表面、课椅表面、灯开关和地面均检出MRSA,且MRSA多重耐药率高,应引起重视。

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance situation of staphylococcus aureus( SA) and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus( MRSA) from the classroom environments in primary schools of Guangzhou. Methods The air and the surfaces of door handles, desks, chairs, light switches and floor were sampled in the classrooms of 8 primary schools selected through stratified clustering method in Guangzhou from May to June, 2016. SA and MRSA were isolated and identified, and drug sensitivity tests were conducted. Results A total of 760 samples were collected, the detection rate of SA and MRSA were8.8% and 4.2%, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of staphylococcus aureus among different sampling sites( P< 0.01). Detection of SA and MRSA on the floor,light’ s witches and surface of deskes was both above6.0%. The multiple drug resistance rate of MRSA was up to 100.0%, and the main resistance mode was Penicillin-Erythromycin-Rifampin-Tetracycline-Teicolanin. Conclusion MRSA can be detected in air, door handles, desk surface, chair surface, light switch and floor of primary schools. Relevant administration departments should pay attention to the environments health of Guangzhou primary schools.