电动二轮车驾驶人头部损伤再现不确定性方法

Uncertainty Analysis of Head Injury via Reconstruction of Electric Two-wheeler Accidents

为了减少交通事故中不确定性信息在受伤害者损伤再现中造成的不利影响,采用拉丁超立方(LHS)试验设计和响应面蒙特卡洛相结合的方法对电动二轮车驾驶人头部损伤再现进行损伤不确定性分析。首先采用多体系统动力学方法对具有详细事故信息(含视频信息)和损伤记录的2起电动二轮车事故中的汽车碰撞速度进行再现和不确定性分析,并对比事故信息(视频信息、最终位置、电动二轮车驾驶人的运动学),进而验证事故再现结果的有效性。在此基础上,应用有限元方法将获得的电动二轮车驾驶人头部碰撞的边界条件加载至THUMS人体头部有限元模型,分析电动二轮车驾驶人头部损伤参数的不确定性与简明损伤准则AIS累计频率的分布关系,并对比电动二轮车事故案例中电动二轮车驾驶人的头部损伤法医鉴定记录。研究结果表明:蒙特卡洛不确定性分析方法能够较准确地预测电动二轮车事故中的汽车碰撞车速,采用该分析方法获得的电动二轮车驾驶人头部损伤等级与法医鉴定的脑部损伤记录高度吻合;蒙特卡洛不确定性分析方法可以适用于评估电动二轮车事故中电动二轮车驾驶人的头部损伤等级,研究结果可为电动二轮车驾驶人头部损伤研究提供理论依据和实证方法。

Uncertain information has a negative influence on the accuracy of injury reconstruction of vulnerability in an accident.This study combined Latin hypercube sampling(LHS)design with a response surface Monte Carlo method to address head injury uncertainties.Two electric two-wheeler(ETW)accidents were reconstructed using a multi-body system,in which accident collision information(video information,final position,and kinematics of riders)was compared with simulation results to verify the effectiveness of the accident reconstruction.The head impact conditions of the riders were used as the boundary conditions in each injury reconstruction by using finite element method.Then,the total human model for safety(THUMS)finite element model of the pedestrian head was adopted in the analysis.The parameters of the riders’head injuries were analyzed,and their distributions on the cumulative frequency abbreviated injury scale(AIS),as predicted by the simulations,were compared with the head injury forensic identification records.Results show that Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis can accurately predict vehicle collision velocity in ETW accidents.In addition,the head injury levels obtained by uncertainty analysis are highly consistent with the forensic brain injury records.The research clearly indicates that Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis can be used to predict the level of a rider’s head injury and can provide a theoretical basis and an empirical approach to investigate the head injuries of riders in ETW accidents.