微RNA对肿瘤调控机制的研究进展

Research progress of tumor regulation mechanism by microRNA

微RNA(miRNA)是一类长度为21~25个核苷酸的非编码小分子RNA。其通过靶向降解信使RNA(mRNA)或抑制mRNA被翻译为蛋白质参与个体发育及细胞增殖、分化、凋亡等一系列重要生物学进程,与人类多种疾病的发生、发展密切相关。miRNA作为潜在的促癌基因或抑癌基因在结直肠癌、胃癌、乳腺癌、肝癌、肺癌等的发生、发展中有调控作用,可作为某些癌症的潜在治疗靶点。

MicroRNA(miRNA) is a type of non-coding small molecule RNA with a length of 21-25 nucleotides. Through targeting degradation of messenger RNA(mRNA) or inhibition of mRNA translation into proteins, miRNA is involved in a series of important biological processes such as individual development, cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, which are closely related to the occurrence and development of various human diseases. As a potential oncogene or tumor suppressor gene, miRNA plays a regulatory role in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, etc. And miRNA can be used as a potential therapeutic target for some tumor.