弹力袜加压和传统弹力绷带在下肢静脉曲张患者中的应用效果比较

Elastic socks with compression versus traditional elastic bandages in treatment of patients with varicose veins of lower extremities

目的比较弹力袜加压和传统弹力绷带对下肢静脉曲张患者术后疼痛及康复效果的影响。方法前瞻性选取84例原发性下肢静脉曲张患者作为研究对象,均成功接受大隐静脉高位结扎及曲张静脉分段剥脱术治疗,采用计算机随机分组法将患者分为对照组和观察组,各42例。对照组患者术后使用传统弹力绷带包扎患肢,观察组患者术后穿医用弹力袜加压。比较2组术后3、7 d视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分和并发症发生情况,并观察2组术后3、6个月患肢小腿周径缩小值。结果观察组术后3、7 d的VAS评分低于对照组,术后患肢压迫疼痛、足背或小腿肿胀发生率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),2组皮肤瘀斑和感染发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组术后3个月较术前患肢小腿周径缩小值、术后6个月较术后3个月患肢小腿周径缩小值均大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论下肢静脉曲张患者术后穿戴医用弹力袜加压,能有效减轻术后疼痛,减少并发症发生,缩小小腿周径,效果显著优于传统弹力绷带。

Objective To compare the effects of elastic socks with compression and traditional elastic bandages on postoperative pain and rehabilitation of patients with varicose veins of lower extremities.Methods Totally 84 patients with primary varicose veins of the lower extremities were selected prospectively.They were all treated by high ligation of great saphenous vein and segmental stripping of varicose vein.All of 84 patients were randomly divided into control group(n=42)and observation group(n=42).The patients in the control group were treated with traditional elastic bandages,and the patients in the observation group were treated with medical elastic socks under compression.The VAS scores and complications of the two groups were compared at the 3 and 7 days after operation,and the reduction of the peripheral diameter of the leg was observed at 3 and 6 months after operation.Results The VAS scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group at 3 and 7 days after operation(P<0.05),and the incidence rates of compression pain of the affected limb,swelling of the dorsum of foot or crus were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of skin ecchymosis and infection between the two groups(P>0.05).In the observation group,the reduction values of leg circumference between treatment before and 3 months after treatment as well as between 3 and 6 months after operation were significantly greater than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion For patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities,medical elastic socks can effectively reduce postoperative pain and complications,reduce tmehe diater of the leg,and the effect is significantly better than the traditional elastic bandages.