植物激素水杨酸调控小麦抗寒性研究进展

Research progress of plant hormone salicylic acid regulating cold resistance of wheat

介绍了植物激素水杨酸(Salicylic acid,SA)调控小麦抗寒性的研究概况.结果表明,一定浓度的水杨酸可以促进低温胁迫后小麦种子的萌发,抗寒性不同的小麦所需SA的最适浓度也不同,但都在0.005~0.100 mmol/L之间;SA可以抑制小麦细胞膜脂过氧化,使细胞膜的完整性得到保持,并且使冬小麦细胞核的受损程度降低;外源SA可以提高渗透调节物质可溶性糖、脯氨酸以及可溶性蛋白的含量,促进蔗糖的合成,抑制蔗糖的降解,提高糖酵解代谢途径中关键酶的活性,在低温胁迫的前期促进抗坏血酸(ASA)、总ASA、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、总GSH含量的提高,在低温胁迫的后期促进抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽(ASA-GSH)循环的进行.通过调节,SA处理使冬小麦在越冬过程中积累了更多的中间代谢产物,从而产生充足的能量以维持其在越冬期间的能量消耗,为其安全越冬提供物质和能量保障,并且在抗寒性强的小麦品种中,SA对抗寒性的调控更加明显.

The research survey of the plant hormone salicylic acid regulating the cold resistance of wheat was introduced.The results showed that a certain concentration of salicylic acid could promote the germination of seeds after low temperature stress,and the optimal concentration of SA for wheat with different cold resistance was also different,but they were all in the range of 0.005-0.100 mmol/L.Salicylic acid could inhibit lipid peroxidation of wheat cell membrane,maintain the integrity of cell membrane,and reduce the degree of nuclear damage in winter wheat.Exogenous SA could increase the content of soluble sugar,proline and soluble protein,promote the synthesis of sucrose,inhibit the degradation of sucrose,and improve the activity of key enzymes in glycolysis pathway.In the early stage of low temperature stress,the content of ascorbic acid(ASA),total ASA,glutathione(GSH)and total GSH were increased,and in the late stage of low temperature stress,the circulation of ascorbic acid glutathione(AsA-GSH)was promoted.Through the above regulation,SA treatment made winter wheat accumulate more intermediate metabolites during the wintering process,so as to generate sufficient energy to maintain its wintering period and provide material and energy guarantee for its safe overwintering,and in the wheat varieties with strong cold resistance,the regulation of SA on cold resistance is more obvious.