教育追求:重“成功”还是重“成长”

The Educational Pursuit:Aiming to“Success”or“Growth”

当前,教育存在"成功型思维"与"成长型思维"两种观念类型。"成功型思维"主导的教育以成功为目的,以结果为主导,以人为工具,使教育具有强烈的外在功用性,意义狭隘化,结果导向性和单向同一性。"成长型思维"主导的教育以人的整体成长为目的,以人的思维成长为要旨,强调人的内在成长感、持续发展性、过程导向性和成长多样性。两种观念类型未必彼此对立,也可以彼此互补,交错耦合成为成功而成功、为成功而成长、为成长而成功、为成长而成长四种关系类型。要立德树人培养创新人才,教育追求应从重"成功型思维"转向重"成长型思维"。

There are two conceptual orientations in education:"success mindset"and"growth mindset".Education oriented by"success mindset"aims at success,focuses on results and regards human as tools,which makes education full of strong external utility and parochialism with result orientation and one-way identity.Education oriented by "growth mindset"aims at the holistic growth of human beings,and focuses on the growth of human thinking,which emphasizes the inner sense of growth,sustainable development,process orientation and growth diversification.The two types are not absolutely opposed to each other,but may complement with each other.They are alternately coupled into a variety of variants:to succeed for success,to grow for success;to grow for success,and to grow for growth.Then,education should change from "success mindset"to"growth mindset".