基于音位负担量的汉语方言认知研究

Cognition Study of Chinese Dialect Based on Phonemic Load

本文采用音位负担量的计算方法,计算了汉语方言20个点的音位负担量,研究表明:1)音位负担量的统计方法可以用于音位认知的研究;2)汉语方言每个声母、韵母和声调的总负担量可定量描写它们的音位功能;3)汉语方言声母、韵母和声调的负担量范围反映了汉语方言母语者音位认知的范围和有可能变化的方向;4)汉语各方言声母、韵母和声调的聚类分析显示了它们各自的功能和相互关系;5)基于声韵调负担量的聚类分析,从一个新的角度对汉语方言进行了类型研究。

By using the calculation method of phonemic load,the phonemic loads of 20 Chinese dialects were calculated and studied.The results show:1)the calculation method of phonemic load can be used in the study of the phonemic cognition;2)the total load of each initial,final and tone in Chinese dialects can quantitatively describe their phonemic functions;3)the phonemic loads of initial,final and tone in Chinese dialects reflect the ranges of phonemic cognition and the possible changing directions of native Chinese dialect speakers;4)the cluster analysis of the initials,finals and tones of different Chinese dialects shows their respective functions and interrelationships;5)based on the clustering analysis of the phonemic loads,this paper studies the types of Chinese dialects from a new perspective.