流动人口流出地住房投资特征及影响因素——基于福建省的调查

The Characteristics and Determinants of the Floating Population’s Housing Investment in the Places of Origin:Evidence from a Survey in Fujian Province

基于福建省2015年调查问卷数据,采用描述统计和二项logistic回归,探讨流动人口在其流动过程中在流出地住房投资特征及影响因素。研究发现:流动人口流出地住房投资较为普遍,以农村建房为主,城镇购房为辅;流动人口流出地住房投资行为具有明显的时期效应和生命历程特征;个体生命历程是影响流动人口流出地住房投资的直接力量,流出地社区环境是外部驱动力,家庭跨地区生计特征则具有"促进"与"阻碍"双重作用。

China’s floating population is the biggest mobile population in the world. Most of its members are not able to settle down and be fully integrated into the destination cities, need to circulate between the places of origin and destination, and adopt multi-locational livelihood strategies. The bi-local or even multi-local housing arrangement is an important part of the floating population’s multi-locational livelihood strategies, and a growing body of literature has been devoted to understanding their housing conditions and their determinants in the destination cities in such a context. Nevertheless, within this growing body of literature, far less attention has been given to understanding the housing investment and its determinants of the floating population in the places of origin. Using data from a survey of the floating population in Fujian Province in 2015, this article intends to fill this gap by examining two forms of the floating population’s housing investment in their places of origin, namely village home renovation and housing purchase. The article estimates two binary logistic regression models to examine the underlying factors affecting the decision and location selection of the floating population’s housing investment in their places of origin, and the main conclusions are as follows: 1) Housing investment in the places of origin is quite common among members of the floating population, with village home renovation being more widespread than housing purchase as the form of housing investment. 2) The floating population’s housing investment at their places of origin has been significantly affected by the periods of the investment and the life course of the investors, resulting from the interaction among China’s macroeconomic situation, relevant government policies, and life events of individual members of the floating population. 3)Life courses of individual members of the floating population, their multi-locational livelihoods strategies, and community characteristics of their places of origin jointly determine both the decision and location selection of the floating population’s housing investment in their places of origin. The individual life course is the direct force determining floating population’s housing investment in their places of origin, and the community environment in the places of origin is the external driving force for such investment. The average annual amount of remittances and the times of returning home of the floating population play important and positive roles in promoting the housing investment of floating population in the places of origin, but the familization of the floating population’s migration and participation in the transfer of land use rights have a negative effect on the floating population’s housing investment in their places of origin.