协同视角下长江经济带制造业转移及区域合作研究

Research on Manufacturing Transfer and Regional Cooperation in the Yangtze River Economic Belt under the Synergetic Perspective

《长江经济带发展规划纲要》的正式印发,为区域经济和产业发展指明了方向,其产业转移及区域合作逐渐成为地理学研究的热点。以2008、2017年长江经济带11省市的28个制造业工业总产值和企业数量为研究数据,应用动态集聚指数、偏离份额模型(SSM)、静态集聚指数等方法对长江经济带制造业转移及区域合作进行探究。研究表明:(1)长江经济带纺织业、黑色、有色金属冶炼业等劳动密集型与资本密集型制造业具有较强的空间转移特征,其转移路径主要由上海、浙江向中、上游地区的贵州、湖南等地多对多的扩散式和跳跃式转移为主,转移类型主要以下游地区的"优势转移型"、"淘汰型"与中、上游地区的"优势集聚型"为主;(2)长江经济带中上游地区在交通运输、化学制造等行业发展较为薄弱,缺乏中心合作地区,需要下游地区提供更多的技术与资金支持;(3)长江经济带下游地区作为产业转移与技术授让的供体,应构建以长江经济带下游地区为制造业转移中心,以具有产业比较优势的中、上游地区为区域性中心,加大向中、上游地区制造业转移与合作力度,同时带动其他地区形成优势互补、协同发展的多中心分工协作格局。研究有助于完善制造业转移及区域合作相关理论,为长江经济带各省市制造业对接合作及协同发展提供借鉴意义。

The official issuance of the Outline of the Development Planning of the Yangtze River Economic Zone has pointed out the direction of regional economic and industrial development, and its industrial transfer and regional cooperation have gradually become the focus of geographical research. Based on the total industrial output value and the number of enterprises of 28 manufacturing industries in 11 provinces and cities of the Yangtze River Economic Zone in 2008 and 2017, this paper explores the transfer of manufacturing industries and regional cooperation in the Yangtze River Economic Zone by means of dynamic agglomeration index, shift-share analysis method(SSM) and static agglomeration index. The research shows that:(1) The labor-intensive and capital-intensive manufacturing industries such as the textile industry, non-ferrous and ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt have strong spatial transfer characteristics. Their transfer paths are many-to-many diffusive and jumping transfers from Shanghai, Zhejiang to Guizhou and Hunan in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River;The main types of transfer are "advantage transfer type", "elimination type" in downstream areas and "advantage agglomeration type" in middle and upstream areas.(2) The development of transportation, chemical manufacturing and other industries in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Zone is relatively weak, and lack of central cooperation areas, which requires more technology financial support from the downstream areas;(3) As the supplier of industrial transfer and technology transfer, the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt should be built as the manufacturing transfer center, the middle and upper reaches with industrial comparative advantages as the regional center, increasing the transfer and cooperation of manufacturing industry to the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze. The research will help to improve the theory of manufacturing transfer and regional cooperation, and provide reference for the manufacturing cooperation and coordinated development of the manufacturing industries in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.