中青年腰椎间盘突出症患者的腰椎间盘自护行为水平及影响因素分析

The self-care behaviors of lumbar disc among young and middle-aged patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation: a cross-sectional studies

目的:研究中青年腰椎间盘突出症患者对腰椎间盘的自护行为水平及其影响因素。方法:采用自行设计的中青年腰椎间盘突出症患者认知与行为调查问卷和改良版ODI功能障碍指数量表对福州市和莆田市两所三级甲等医院内526名中青年腰椎间盘突出症患者进行横断面调查,分析其对腰椎间盘自护行为的影响因素及其与功能障碍的相关性。结果:中青年腰椎间盘突出症患者对腰椎间盘自护行为水平得分为(86.49±14.04)分,百分制得分为(52.42±8.51)分,处于较低水平。多元线性回归分析显示,职业、病程、对腰椎的自我关注程度和疾病认知水平是中青年腰椎间盘突出症患者对腰椎间盘自护行为水平的影响因素(P<0.05),患者对腰椎间盘自护行为与功能障碍呈负相关(r=-0.329,P<0.001)。结论:中青年腰椎间盘突出症患者对腰椎间盘自护行为水平较低,有待提高。医护人员应加强对腰椎间盘自护行为方面的相关教育,指导患者掌握对腰椎间盘自护行为技能,改善患者功能障碍水平,帮助患者实现自我康复。

Objective: To investigate the current status and influencing factors of self-care behaviors of lumbar disc among young and middle-aged patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation. Methods: Totally 526 young and middle-aged patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation from tertiary hospitals in Fuzhou and Putian were recruited and surveyed by a selfdesigned demographic questionnaire and the Oswestry Disability Index(ODI). Univariate analysis as well as multiple liner regression analysis were used, and we also analyzed the correlation among the self-care behaviors of lumbar disc and the level of disability. Results: The average score of self-care behaviors of lumbar disc among young and middle-aged patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation was 86.49±14.04 with the mean percentile 52.42±8.51, which was at low level. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the, occupation, course of disease, degree of self-concern about disease and level of disease cognition were major influencing factors(P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis show that the level of self-care behaviors of lumbar disc has negative correlation with the level of disability(r=-0.329, P<0.001). Conclusion: The level of self-care behaviors of lumbar disc among young and middle-aged patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation is low and needs to be improved. Medical staff should provide patients with education on self-care of lumbar disc, guide them to master self-care skills, improve the level of dysfunction in patients, and help them to realize self-rehabilitation.