农吉利的显微鉴别

Microscopic Identification of Herba Crotalariae

目的:对中药农吉利的原植物野百合进行性状和显微鉴别研究,总结其鉴别特征,为农吉利的鉴别及进一步研究奠定基础。方法:通过对农吉利原植物及药材进行形态描述,对根茎叶的横切面、叶的表皮撕片及各部位的粉末等进行显微鉴别。结果:农吉利的植株形态特征有茎上被长柔毛,单叶互生,上面近无毛,下面密被短柔毛,总状花序,花萼二唇形,花冠蓝色或紫蓝色,荚果;横切面特征有根木质部宽广,占根的主要部分;茎的髓部发达;叶中脉维管束外韧型,叶的上下表皮均可见气孔,多为不等式;粉末特征可观察到导管、纤维、腺毛、非腺毛、花粉粒等,其中非腺毛很长。结论:农吉利的植株形态特征、横切面显微构造、粉末特征等可以作为其鉴别依据。

Objective:The characteristics and microscopic identification of Crotalaria sessiliflora,aplant of traditional Chinese medicine Herba Crotalariae was studied,and its characteristics were summarized to lay a foundation for the identification and further research of Herba Crotalariae.Methods:Through morphological identification of the original plant and medicinal materials,microscopically identify cross section of root,stem and leaf,leaf epidermis tear and powder of various parts,etc.Results:The morphological characteristics of Herba Crotalariae plant:the stem is villous.The leaves are simple and alternate.The upper part is nearly hairless.The lower part is densely pubescent.The raceme,calyx is 2-lipped.Corolla is blue or purple-blue,and the pod.Transverse section is characterized by broad xylem of root,which accounts for the main part of root.The pith of stem is well developed.The vascular bundle in the midvein of the leaf is tough,and stomata can be seen in the upper and lower epidermis of the leaf,which are mostly inequalities.The powder features can be observed in ducts,fibers,glandular hairs,non-glandular hairs,pollen grains,etc.,of which the nonglandular hairs are very long.Conclusion:The morphological characteristics,cross-sectional microstructure and powder characteristics of Herba Crotalariae can be used as the identification basis.