重症监护室(ICU)机械通气患者镇静镇痛策略的应用研究进展

Advances in the Application of Sedation and Analgesia Strategies for Patients in Intensive Care Unit(Icu)with Mechanical Ventilation

ICU内机械通气患者在治疗期间不可避免的会经历伤害性刺激,包括各类穿刺操作、被动体位、气管导管、吸痰、物理治疗等。在患者疾病本身影响的基础上,上述外源性的刺激容易给重症患者带来强烈的身体不适感,并诱发生理及心理的不良应激反应,也是造成此类患者焦虑、谵妄及燥动的重要原因,也对其预后造成不利影响。而合理采取镇痛和镇静措施有助于控制相关疾病因素与各类医疗措施形成的伤害性刺激,更好的维持患者安全性及舒适性。本文将重点对近年来关于ICU内机械通气患者的镇静和镇痛策略的相关研究进行综述。

Patients with mechanical ventilation in the ICU will inevitably experience noxious stimuli during treatment,including various puncture procedures,passive postures,tracheal catheters,sputum suction,and physical therapy.Based on the impact of the patient’s disease itself,the above-mentioned exogenous stimuli easily bring a strong physical discomfort to the severely ill patients,and induce adverse physical and psychological stress reactions.It also causes anxiety,delirium and dryness in these patients Important reasons also adversely affect its prognosis.Taking reasonable analgesic and sedative measures can help control the harmful stimuli formed by related disease factors and various medical measures,and better maintain patient safety and comfort.This article will focus on recent research on sedation and analgesia strategies for patients with mechanical ventilation in the ICU.